In 1904, the British Empire launched the Younghusband Expedition, invading
Tibet to counter perceived Russian influence and secure trade routes. Led by
Colonel Francis Younghusband, a 13,000-strong force advanced from India, facing
minimal resistance from poorly equipped Tibetan troops. The campaign culminated
in the capture of Lhasa, with significant Tibetan casualties. The resulting
Treaty of Lhasa forced Tibet to open trade markets and cede control over
foreign affairs to Britain. This invasion disrupted Tibet’s isolationist
policies.
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